This picture was taken in aperture priority. Aperture is the opening of a len's diaphragm which light passes through. Aperture Priority is when the camera decides and selects the shutter speed.
Shutter Priority
This photo was taken in Shutter Priority. Shutter Priority is when the camera describes and selects the Aperture.
Manuel Mode
This photo was taken in Manuel Mode. Manuel Mode is when you decide the aperture and the shutter speed to get the highest quality image.
Motion Blur
This photo was taken in Motion Blur. Motion Blur is when everything is in focus so you select a slow shutter speed to get a motion blur.
Focal Length
Focal Length is when stuff in the distance is in focus and the things up close are blurry